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This Morning in Metals: MetalMiner on NPR, NAFTA and Alcoa Earnings

This morning in metals news, our own Lisa Reisman appeared on NPR’s “Marketplace” yesterday, President Trump said Wednesday that terminating the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) would lead to the best renegotiated deal and Alcoa reported its 2017 4Q and full-year earnings. Buying Aluminum in 2018? Download MetalMiner’s free annual price outlook Aluminum and China on […]

America is Picking the Right Fight with the Wrong Enemy

America is Picking the Right Fight with the Wrong Enemy

The above headline is true, assuming the U.S.’s avowed aim is the health and future of the American steel industry and its workers. Need buying strategies for steel in 2018? MetalMiner’s Annual Outlook has what you need No one would dispute the idea that the world has too much steelmaking capacity. Many emerging markets and […]

This Morning in Metals: Steel Wins Big with New Ram, Chevy Models

This morning in metals news, two new vehicles made mostly with steel represent a victory for the steel industry, iron ore prices are down and the U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC) voted to continue its investigation into common alloy aluminum sheet from China. Wondering how your stainless steel prices compare to the market? Benchmark with […]

Section 232 Steel Probe Report Moves on to President Trump

Section 232 Steel Probe Report Moves on to President Trump

After a couple of self-imposed deadlines blown by and a lot of waiting, the next step in the Section 232 process has finally arrived. Need buying strategies for steel? Try two free months of MetalMiner’s Outlook Thursday evening the Department of Commerce announced Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross had completed his Setion 232 steel report […]

Renewables MMI: International Trade Commission Mulls Extending 18-Year Steel Plate Tariffs

The Renewable Monthly Metals Index (MMI) picked up a point for our January reading, rising from 78 to 79 (a 1.3% jump).
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Several of the heavier hitters in this basket of metals posted price increases this past month.
U.S. steel plate rose 4.0% and U.S. grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) coil rose 3.8%. Korean steel plate also increased, rising by a whopping 8.9% for the recent monthly window.
Chinese silicon and cobalt cathodes also posted notable price jumps. Meanwhile, Chinese steel plate fell slightly, while Japanese steel plate posted a small price jump.

Continuation of Steel Plate Tariffs on the Table

U.S. Rep. Pete Visclosky (D-Merrillville, Indiana) testified before the International Trade Commission recently on the subject of extending 18-year-old duties on cut-to-length carbon-quality steel plate from India, Indonesia and South Korea, the Northwest Indiana Times reported.
Northwest Indiana, where Merrillville sits, is home to significant domestic steel industry activity, including by ArcelorMittal, which produces steel plate at its Burns Harbor Plate Mill — located in Gary, Indiana — the paper reported.
“As a representative and resident of Northwest Indiana, I am acutely aware of the challenges facing the American steel industry due to the onslaught of illegal steel imports,” the Times quoted Visclosky as saying during testimony at a hearing in Washington, D.C. “The ArcelorMittal facility at Burns Harbor in Northwest Indiana makes cut-to-length carbon-quality steel plate, and every one of those dedicated workers deserve to be able to continue to fairly compete and make the best steel to the best of their ability in our global economy.”
Of course, the issue is one of many metals-related trade issues before U.S. trade bodies (the most headline-grabbing being the Section 232 probes into steel and aluminum imports, for which a ruling is expected this month).
Like the Section 232 probes, which seek to determine whether those imports negatively impact the country’s national security, Visclosky also cited national security concerns vis-a-vis steel plate imports.

“It is essential for both our national defense and our national economy, and we cannot afford to threaten our production capabilities,” the paper quoted Visnosky as saying.

GOES Gets a Boost

As reported by our Lisa Reisman yesterday, grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) got a boost this past month.
GOES prices, as Reisman noted, usually don’t move in tandem with other forms of steel — but it didn’t play out that way in December.
Import levels, however, are something to monitor going forward.
“In addition to prices moving in a similar direction, import levels also followed similar patterns, although GOES imports showed a dramatically higher increase whereas finished steel imports grew by 14.5% on an annualized basis according to the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI),” Reisman added.
While China is often the subject of much discussion regarding a flood of imports into the U.S., when it comes to GOES, Japan is actually the leader in exports to the U.S.
[caption id="attachment_89715" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: International Trade Administration and MetalMiner analysis[/caption]
Japan owns about two-thirds of the U.S. GOES import market share, rising significantly despite a drop in overall finished steel sent to the U.S.
The explanation for that disparity?
“Increased domestic efficiency standards have led to the development of higher performance electrical steels (HB), which have taken share away from the more conventional grades produced by the sole U.S. producer,” Reisman wrote. “With no U.S. producer of these grades, the market has become more reliant on exports from Japan.”

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Rare Earths MMI: Global Market Projected to Hit $20 Billion by 2024

The Rare Earths Monthly Metals Index (MMI) held flat for the month, posting a value of 18 for our January reading. 
Reflecting the lack of movement in the MMI value, the basket of metals posted modest price fluctuations.
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Chinese yttrium rose 1.9%, while terbium oxide dropped 0.8%. Neodymium oxide fell 1.3% on the month.

Australian Miner Receives State’s EPA Approval

A $900 million Australian miner received approval from the state’s Environmental Protection Authority (EPA), mining.com reported.
According to the report, Arafura Resources received approval on Friday after a two-year process. The EPA had been considering the environmental impacts of the Nolans rare earths project, the website reported, concluding that those risks at the site could be managed.
According to the report, Arafura estimates the project would create an investment of about $900 million in central Australia.

Global Market to Reach $20 Billion by 2024

The global rare earths market is projected to hit a value of $20 billion by 2024, according to a research report by Global Market Insights, Inc.
“Growing demand for magnets in automobiles, and energy generation will majorly contribute to the growth of global rare earth metals market over the forecast period,” the Globe Newswire release states. “The demand for rare earth magnets is majorly increasing by their consumption in electric and hybrid vehicles, and wind turbines. Increasing focus on utilizing clean and renewable energy is giving a substantial pressure on the electricity providers, to generate energy through renewable sources, which in turn will show a positive impact on the growth of this market.”
Not surprisingly given China’s overwhelming dominance of the rare earths markets, prices will continue to fluctuate somewhat wildly based on Chinese supply.
As for individual metals, neodymium will continue on in its place at or near the top of the rare-earths heap.
“By revenue, neodymium had the highest market share in 2016, with a market share of over 30%,” the release states. “It will dominate the global rare earth metals market till the end of projected period. Neodymium market will grow at a CAGR of 8.2% from 2017 to 2024.”
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Global Precious MMI: Sub-Index Continues Rise as Palladium Outpaces Platinum Again

Global Precious MMI: Sub-Index Continues Rise as Palladium Outpaces Platinum Again

Here’s What Happened

  • Our Global Precious Monthly Metals Index (MMI), tracking a basket of precious metals from across the globe, rose yet another three points to 90 for the January reading, a 3.4% increase.
  • We’re officially in a three-month rising trend for our precious metal sub-index. The last time we saw this buildup was back in Q3 2017, after which the index retreated. If that pattern holds, we could see a drop-off, perhaps as early as February — although seasonality and the global political and economic atmosphere in Q4 both likely had a lot to do with the outcome, which may not be replicated here in Q1 2018.
  • Palladium officially busted through the $1,000 per ounce ceiling in December, and there were no signs of a turnaround for the January reading — the PGM per-ounce held above that level for the second straight month. (More on palladium below.)
  • Meanwhile, it appears as though platinum will need to take advantage of a “Dry January.” The metal came out of the holidays very sluggish, recording only a $2 per ounce increase and beginning the new year in a rather flat state of malaise.
  • “We’ve (still) got a trend, folks!” — this is the fourth straight month in which palladium is priced at a premium to platinum, which has not been the historical norm.
  • And then there’s gold. After breaking and holding above the $1,300 per ounce threshold at the beginning of September for the first time since October 2016, the U.S. gold price is back above that benchmark after a few months off.

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What’s Going On in the Background?

  • Can palladium keep rising? That all depends. On the one hand, the supply market is pretty tight, and it has been for a while. In fact, the palladium market has been in deficit for the last six of seven years in which data is available, according to a good Reuters piece published just after the new year. On the other hand, the primary thing driving palladium demand, and therefore prices, is mainly Chinese automotive demand. Caveat: if that slows down or even goes in reverse (car puns are just the best, aren’t they?), palladium could go with it. As we reported earlier this week, a Wall Street Journal story pointed out Chinese consumers are now starting to get into used car sales even more, which could portend the end of unmitigated new car sales growth — much like China’s GDP cooldown over the last few years. To wit, here’s a sweet graphic showing the relationship between palladium and China’s automotive sales:
[caption id="attachment_89700" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: Thomson Reuters[/caption]
  • Germans buying up some gold. Regarding that $1,300/ounce threshold we mentioned earlier that gold prices have been hovering above for a couple months straight? That has helped spot gold prices gain about 14% during 2017. Now, at least one nation — going by its recent investment activity — is hoping that upward trend continues. According to another Reuters article, Deutsche Boerse said its Xetra-Gold notes rose in demand to a record 175 tons of gold, a nearly 50% increase over 2016. Safe haven, here we come! (Ja?)

What Metal Buyers Should Look Out For

  • PGMs. While ETF Securities, an investment and intelligence firm, which we used to cover quite regularly, expects precious metals (including PGMs) to remain pretty stable for the course of 2018 in its Outlook 2018 report, as we noted last month, keep a close eye on All Things China. This is especially important as it pertains to automotive partnerships between U.S. OEMs and China and the resulting innovation, as my colleague Fouad Egbaria reported earlier this week in our Automotive Monthly Metals Index (MMI).
  • ICYMI, our own Irene Martinez Canorea drilled down into the gold markets before the end of 2017 from an analytical perspective, ultimately unlocking the reason why industrial metal buyers (especially those buying copper) should pay attention to gold.

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Key Price Movers and Shakers

GOES MMI: GOES M3 Prices Rise with Other Forms of Steel

Grain-oriented electrical steel (GOES) prices do not often follow the pattern of price increases for other forms of steel. However, December’s data suggests otherwise. GOES prices increased along with HRC, CRC, plate and HDG. Benchmark Your Current Metal Price by Grade, Shape and Alloy: See How it Stacks Up In addition to prices moving in […]

Stainless Steel MMI: LME Nickel Price Approaches $13K/MT

Stainless Steel MMI: LME Nickel Price Approaches $13K/MT

The Stainless Steel MMI (Monthly Metals Index) jumped six points this month, with a reading of 71. This reading ran higher than November’s (70), which then dropped to 65 for December before bouncing back for our January reading.
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Skyrocketing LME nickel prices drove the Stainless Steel MMI. However, 304 and 316 Allegheny Ludlum surcharges fell slightly this month.
LME Nickel Makes Big Jump
As reported previously by MetalMiner, nickel price volatility has increased over the past few months.
Nickel prices jumped from the $10,600/metric ton level in October to almost breaching MetalMiner’s current $13,000/mt ceiling.
[caption id="attachment_89668" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: MetalMiner analysis of FastMarkets[/caption]
Trading volume remains strong, aligned with the recent popularity of nickel in the base metals complex. Besides stainless steel, nickel’s popularity has increased due to usage in batteries and electric cars. Q4 brought more activity for metals that have a direct impact on electric cars.
Nickel macro-indicators may support this latest rally.
The nickel deficit will continue this year. The International Nickel Study Group (INSG) reported a wider nickel deficit again in 2017, now up to 9,700 tons. A nickel supply deficit may add support to the nickel bullish rally and could create additional upward movements this year.
Buying organizations may want to be aware of these movements to identify opportunities to buy on the dips.
Chinese Stainless Steel
As reported by the International Stainless Steel Forum (ISSF), global stainless steel production increased by 7.4% during the first nine months of 2017. China drove the gains, with an increase in production of 8.8%. Stainless steel prices decreased around 7% in East Asian ports.
[caption id="attachment_89669" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: MetalMiner data from MetalMiner IndX(™)[/caption]
Chinese stainless steel coil prices increased slightly this month. Chinese prices remain higher than they were in Q2. However, there has not yet been a clear uptrend that signals prices may increase soon.
Domestic Stainless Steel Market
Despite the recovery in momentum of the Stainless MMI, NAS domestic stainless steel surcharges traded sideways this month. Despite trading flat, stainless steel surcharges remain well above last year’s lows (under $0.4/pound).
[caption id="attachment_89670" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: MetalMiner data from MetalMiner IndX(™)[/caption]
What This Means for Industrial Buyers
Stainless steel momentum appears in recovery, similar to all the other forms of steel.
However, due to nickel’s high price volatility, buying organizations may want to follow the market closely for opportunities to buy on the dips.
To understand how to adapt buying strategies to your specific needs on a monthly basis, take a look at our Monthly Metal Buying Outlook or you can take a free trial now. 
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Actual Stainless Steel Prices and Trends

Aluminum MMI: Prices Rise and Trading Volumes Have Strong Showing

After last month’s drop, the Aluminum MMI (Monthly Metals Index) index increased by three points. The current Aluminum MMI index reads 98 points, 3.2% higher than the December reading. 
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In December, MetalMiner anticipated a rise in aluminum prices … and that is exactly what happened.
Aluminum prices increased by 10.6% in December, reaching a more than two-year high.
[caption id="attachment_89629" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: MetalMiner analysis of FastMarkets[/caption]
Trading volumes appear strong and accompany the current uptrend. Moreover, aluminum’s latest peak has climbed over previous ones, signaling strength in its latest market rally. Other macroeconomic indicators, such as a weaker U.S. dollar and a stronger CRB index driven by higher oil prices, may continue to support aluminum prices.
Moreover, the Department of Commerce’s Section 232 investigation should see a report released mid-January, which will also impact prices. The U.S. Department of Commerce announced a new self-initiated anti-dumping and countervailing duty investigation on imports of Chinese common aluminum alloy sheet at the end of November. The U.S. has launched several anti-dumping campaigns for aluminum products this past year.
Crude Oil
As oil prices serve as a critical part of the CRB index, together with other base metals, buying organizations need to monitor oil price trends.
Moreover, there are some base metals, such as aluminum, that are strongly influenced by oil prices.
[caption id="attachment_89630" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Crude Oil prices. Source: MetalMiner analysis of Trading Economics[/caption]
Oil prices have increased again this month. Current oil prices remain above our bullish level signal, meaning that we could  expect some more upward movement for oil.
Similarly, increasing oil prices will continue to provide support to base metals prices.
Aluminum Scrap
Chinese aluminum scrap prices increased sharply this month and appear in a long-term uptrend since 2016.
The latest rally in both LME and SHFE aluminum prices also results in a jump in aluminum scrap prices. Chinese scrap prices increased by 4.9% this month.
[caption id="attachment_89631" align="aligncenter" width="580"] Source: MetalMiner data from MetalMiner IndX(™)[/caption]
What This Means for Industrial Buyers
Aluminum prices jumped sharply again this month. After sharp price increases, base metal prices sometimes pull back to digest the previous gains. Aluminum prices may lack some price momentum this month, although that continues signaling bullishness for the light metal.
Therefore, adapting the “right” buying strategy becomes crucial to reduce risks by knowing when to buy.
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